What are the oil drilling equipment and tools?
Drilling equipment and tools include ground drilling equipment (oil drilling rigs) and drill bits, drill strings, etc.
Oil drilling rigs
Composition of drilling rigs Modern oil drilling rigs are a large combined unit. According to the needs of drilling, well washing, lifting and lowering drilling tools in the drilling process, a drilling rig should have the following systems and equipment:
Drilling equipment
(1) Lifting system. Used for lifting and lowering drilling tools, replacing drill bits, lowering casing, etc.
(2) Rotation system. Used to drive the drilling tool to rotate, break rocks, and deepen the wellbore.
(3) Circulation system. Used to circulate drilling fluid to clean the bottom of the well, carry out the broken rock cuttings, and ensure continuous drilling.
(4) Power equipment. The power equipment that drives the winch, turntable, drilling pump and other working machines is mostly diesel engine, and some drilling rigs are also driven by AC or DC motors.
(5) Transmission system. The main task is to transfer and distribute the energy of the power equipment to each working machine.
(6) Control system. In order to command the various systems to work in a coordinated manner, the entire drilling rig is also equipped with various control equipment, such as mechanical, hydraulic or electric control devices, and is equipped with a centralized control console and observation and recording instruments.
(7) Base. Including the drilling platform base, machine room base and drilling pump base.
(8) Auxiliary equipment. Generally includes wellhead blowout prevention device, air compression equipment, auxiliary power generation equipment, auxiliary lifting equipment, wellhead tools and mobile houses.
Wellhead tools
In order to lift, lower and unscrew drilling tools, manual wellhead tools such as lifting clamps, lifting cards and slips are required.
The lifting clamp consists of several clamp heads with tooth plates and clamp handles, which are connected to each other by hinges. The lifting tongs are used to unscrew the connecting threads of various downhole tools such as drill pipes and drill collars that make up the drill string. The lifting tongs are used in pairs of inner and outer handles (one positive and one negative), and the threads are unscrewed with a cathead rope.
The lifting card is used to suspend, lift and lower the drill string. The inner diameter of the lifting card is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drill pipe, but smaller than the outer diameter of the drill pipe joint. When working, the drill string joint is clamped to facilitate drilling.
When the drill string is screwed or unscrewed, the section of the drill string in the well should be temporarily suspended on the turntable. The slips installed in the turntable bushing are used to clamp the drill pipe and suspend the drill string.
With the rapid increase in the number of deep wells, hard formations and offshore drilling, the workload of drilling and drilling operations is obviously increasing. The use of the above-mentioned manual wellhead tools to unscrew the threads consumes a lot of physical energy and has low work efficiency, and it is urgently needed to be improved. At present, there are many forms of power tongs and power slips used in drilling production. It speeds up the drilling speed, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and lays the foundation for further mechanization and automation of drilling work.
Blowout preventer
When drilling high-pressure oil and gas layers, blowout may occur, causing serious problems. In order to control the spraying of drilling fluid and oil, gas and water in the well when a blowout occurs, a blowout preventer is usually installed under the drilling platform. At present, drilling rigs produced at home and abroad are equipped with a complete set of blowout preventer systems.
Supplier of oil drilling equipment
Sino Mechanical Equipment is a supplier of oil drilling equipment, providing oil land drilling rigs, mud pumps, drilling drawworks, drilling tools, pressure control equipment, solids control equipment, meeting various drilling requirements. Sino Mechanical Equipment is based on Shengli Oilfield, China's second largest oilfield, and provides high-quality oil equipment and services to the world.
